What Is Veterans' Preference?
Veterans' preference is a federal policy that gives eligible veterans an advantage in competitive hiring for federal positions. It was established to recognize the sacrifice of military service and help veterans reintegrate into the workforce.
It is one of the most powerful benefits in the federal hiring system — but it only works if you claim it correctly.
Who Is Eligible?
5-Point Preference (TP):
- Honorable or general discharge after serving during a designated war or campaign
- Service in the Gulf War (August 2, 1990 to January 2, 1992)
- Service for more than 180 consecutive days after January 31, 1955 and before October 15, 1976
10-Point Preference:
Available to veterans who:
- Have a service-connected disability rated at 10% or more (CP — Compensable Disability)
- Have a service-connected disability less than 10% (CPS, in some cases)
- Received a Purple Heart (XP)
- Are surviving spouses or mothers of veterans in certain circumstances
How the Points Work
When agencies rate applicants on a 100-point scale, veterans' preference points are added to your passing score:
- 5-point preference: +5 points added
- 10-point preference: +10 points added
Additionally, 10-point preference veterans are placed at the top of the certificate in front of other passers, giving them priority for interviews.
Veterans' Preference Does NOT Apply To:
- Senior Executive Service (SES) positions
- Positions filled through internal agency promotion
- Some excepted service positions
- Scientific and professional positions at GS-9 and above in some cases
Documentation Required
For 5-point preference:
- DD-214 (Member 4 copy) showing honorable or general discharge
For 10-point preference:
- DD-214 (Member 4 copy)
- SF-15 (Application for 10-Point Veterans' Preference)
- VA rating decision letter showing service-connected disability percentage
How to Claim It on USAJobs
- Complete your profile on USAJobs.gov
- When applying, select your preference type
- Upload your DD-214 and any required documentation
- Ensure your resume clearly reflects your military service dates
What If Your Preference Is Ignored?
Veterans have legal rights if their preference is improperly passed over. Contact your local Office of Personnel Management (OPM) or the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) if you believe your preference was not honored.
The preference exists because you earned it. Use it.